My friend Rev. Enoch Finklea said that his first sermon as a pastor brought a lady to tears, and so he thought he had done very well. She later told him that she cried because she felt so sorry for him! He was so pathetic, she said! Enoch said he had said everything he knew to say and had started on a second sermon, and he had only preached for 10 minutes.
I am tempted to preach two sermons today, but you all know I can go on longer than 10 minutes! It is hard for me not to preach on the Philippians 3:18 passage: “For, as I have often told you before and now say again even with tears, many live as enemies of the cross of Christ.” It would be interesting to determine the people Paul had in mind as enemies of the cross of Christ. I really don’t think he was talking about the Romans or non-believers. He probably had in mind people who claimed to be Christians but whose attitudes and actions fell far short of the mind of Christ, who didn’t practice forgiving others as we have been forgiven by God, who trusted in rituals like circumcision rather than trusting in the blood of Christ, and who did whatever their passions and appetites dictated. The greatest enemies to the cross of Christ have always been enemies within the church, not those on the outside. Churches usually die from forces within them. But that sermon will have to wait. I also see many points of interest – especially many surprises – in the passage from Luke.
The first surprise I see is that Jesus was befriended and warned by some Pharisees. But I thought the Pharisees were Jesus’ enemies! Indeed, Jesus was very hard on the Pharisees, but it was because there was a huge gap between what they said they believed and how they lived. Their hypocrisy really troubled Jesus. He was also troubled by their air of self-righteousness, thinking they were better than everybody else. Their rules made religion a hardship for the average person and those same rules didn’t help carry their daily loads of care. The fact that they made a show of their faith really bothered Him. But Pharisees did believe deeply in God and they believed Jesus was right when He spoke of life after death, whereas the Sadducees did not believe in heaven. Many of Jesus’ early followers, most notably Paul, were Pharisees. We make a big mistake to lump all Pharisees into one group and thinking that they were all just alike, just like the mistakes we make in lumping all members of a minority or gender or political party into one group. All men are not just alike. Well, maybe we are… Jesus made a member of an ethnic minority group – a Samaritan – the hero of one of His parables, not only to answer the question “who is my neighbor” but also to challenge some people who didn’t think that any Samaritan could be trusted. Here we have a reminder that there were some Pharisees who befriended Jesus, who didn’t fit into our preconceived expectations. Prejudice is always a dangerous thing.
The second surprise we have is seeing how sarcastic Jesus could be! Sarcasm is a form of humor, but it is also quite harsh usually, expressing the depth of emotion in the speaker. Jesus sounds angry as He refers to the King as a fox and then as He says sarcastically of Jerusalem, “It is impossible for a prophet to be killed anywhere but Jerusalem.”
The term “fox” was often used by rabbis an expression of the utter contempt, and this is certainly the feeling that Jesus had toward Herod, a sly and cunning man who had made many political concessions just to hang onto his power. He was powerless, really, to carry out his threat against Jesus without the backing of the Caesar, whereas Jesus was operating under the power and authority of God. As Jesus told Pontius Pilate, “You would not have any power over me at all if it were not given to you by God.” Knowing this gave Jesus peace and confidence.
In this instance, Jesus sends a message to Herod by means of the Pharisees that in essence said, “Listen, Bub, I am operating on God’s time-table and am not going to change my plans because of your threats. There are people right here to heal in mind and body, and I am staying here for today and tomorrow. I’ll be here until the day after tomorrow and then I am heading for Jerusalem. If you are looking to me, that’s my itinerary.” Jesus was calling Herod’s bluff.
We know that during Jesus’ trial, Pilate sent Jesus to Herod, hoping to “pass the buck” to Herod, to make him be responsible for executing Jesus. This is when we see first hand that Herod was a fox, lacking any real power or courage to make any decision regarding Jesus. All Herod did was to ridicule and mock Jesus, putting a royal robe on Jesus before they sent Him back to Pilate.
Jesus was also very sarcastic in His assessment of Jerusalem. Jerusalem, the place God had chosen as the location for His Temple, the capital city of ancient Israel, the city of King David had become little more than a vassal city of Rome. Leading families had politicked for the right to become the high priest, and decisions were made – not based upon the will of God but based on the preservation of the Temple and the power of the priestly family.
Prophets who were sent to Jerusalem and other parts of Israel and Judah did not fare very well. They were threatened by kings and a few were killed. Tradition states that Isaiah was martyred as was Micah. King Joash had Zechariah son of Jehoiada put to death. Not long before Jesus John the Baptizer had been slain, and Jesus certainly knew what fate awaited Him in Jerusalem. Even though the list of prophets slain in Jerusalem is somewhat slim, the sarcastic words of Jesus ought to be interpreted as a prophecy about the cross: “It wouldn’t be right for me to be killed anywhere other than in Jerusalem.”
Another surprise here is that Jesus made a veiled reference to His resurrection in this passage. Many scholars find it interesting that Jesus uses the phrase “and on the third day I finish my work” or “reach my goal.” They point out that this phrase might have a double-meaning. Jesus would be on His way the day after tomorrow, but Jesus would also finish His work of redemption on the third day after His crucifixion. His goal of saving us would be accomplished on that third day, and this may be why the Disciples remembered this event and made this story a part of their retelling of the story about Jesus.
A fourth surprise is Jesus comparing the love of God to the care a hen gives to her chicks. God is at times referred to as a roaring lion, but who would have imagined that a Jesus would use a hen as a symbol of God? I still remember visiting my uncle and aunt on my grandfather’s farm. Their air-conditioned place for visits was their backyard, under tall oak trees, where chickens roamed freely before they were cooped up for the night. Sometimes I would be looking up into the sky where I would see a chicken-hawk circling above. The hen would start clucking loudly, and out from under shrubs, bushes, and tall grass would come a bunch of little chicks, running toward their Mama. That hen would stand up tall – do hens have tiptoes? – and those chicks would crowd together about her drumsticks – I mean, legs – and then she would squat down over them while she looked up at the hawk with a look that said, “These are mine and you can’t hurt them.” Jesus said that God always wanted to provide His children with that same degree of love and care but His children were not willing to answer God’s call. Just as chicks that failed to come when the hen called would be easy prey for the hawk, so are we easy prey to destruction when we don’t heed God’s call. In the case with the house of Judah, desolation awaits them. There is no better word to describe the utter destruction of the Temple and the diaspora – the pouring out – of the Jewish nation in 70 A.D. which was so complete that there were no descendants of Judah in that region of the world until the beginning of the 20th Century. Nineteen Centuries of exile is desolation, to be sure.
There is still one more surprise that may be found in this passage. Just what did Jesus mean when He said, “I tell you, you will not see me again until you say, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord’”? The setting Matthew chose for this saying makes it appear to be a prediction of the Second Coming or the Return of Jesus, but Luke’s setting creates the possibility that Jesus intended this as a prediction of the Palm Sunday triumphal entry into Jerusalem. That day, when he came near the place where the road goes down the Mount of Olives, the crowd of disciples began shouting, “Blessed is the king who comes in the name of the Lord! Peace in heaven and glory in the highest!” This, along with His statements regarding His betrayal and the mocking He endured, as well as predictions of His crucifixion and His rising on the third day, were recognized as prophetic utterances of Jesus, assuring His Disciples that Jesus knew in advance what God was doing in His life!
It is fun to read the Bible, looking for surprises and things you’ve never noticed before! In this passage we are surprised to find friendly Pharisees, the sarcastic wit of Jesus, predictions about His triumphal entry into Jerusalem as well as His third day triumph and the use of a hen as an object lesson! May our worship help us to live this week as friends of the cross of Jesus. Amen.
Arthur H. Holt
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